Wagon or carriage wrench



(No Model.)

D. GRAM.

WAGON OR CARRIAGE WRENCH.

No. 446,258. Patented Jan. 27,1891.

PATENT FFICE.

DANVERS ORAN, OF LIBERTY, MAINE.

WAGON OR CARRIAGE WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 445,258, dated January 27, 1891.

Application filed June 5,1890.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DANVERs CRAM. of Liberty, in the county of \Valdo and State of Maine, have invented new and useful Improvements in \Vagon or Carriage renches; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. in which similar-letters of reference indicate like parts.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the complete wrench. Fig. 2 is a sectional View of the wrench, showing the construction of the different parts except the cross-handle, which is represented by Fig.

The stock or body consists of head B, the cross-handle C C, the lower jaw G, guides E E, and spindle I.

G is the upper or adjustable jaw, whose shank g is passed through a rectangular opening in head B and reaches and extends beyond the guides E E, between which it is placed, the guides E E passing up on either side of shank g in grooves made to receive them. The jaw G is kept from dropping out by the spring K, which presses against the under side close to jaw G, thus causing shank g to remain between the guides E E, which, by means of the grooves in shank g, prevents any end motion, while the adjusting-screw L prevents any upward movement. Spring K is held in position bya rivet, which is shrunk into andprojects from the body sut'ficiently to reach through the rear end of spring K when it is headed, thus holding spring K firmly. The spindle F passes through the loose cam ll, spiral spring I, and loose handle J, extending slightly beyond the loose handle J, when iris swaged or headed to prevent the loose handle J from slipping off. The loose handle J is constructed of wood, with an iron plate made fast to either end by means of steel pins or nails shrunk into and projecting from the iron plates, and driven into the wood, thus forming a light and easily-constructed handle.

From the-face of the iron plate on the front end of the loose handle J there are projections m m, arranged with intervening spaces, and these projections fit into corresponding spaces or depressions on the face of the loose cam H, thus forming the clutch N, by means of which the loose cam II is operated.

In addition to the adjusting-screw being Serial No. 354,411. (No model.)

used as an ad justing-screw, I make use of it as a fulcrum, and as such it will be called as occasion requires, but will be designated by the same letter throughout. I thus provide a method whereby less strain is required on the jaws to prevent them spreadingand slipping, and also rendering breakage less liable. I also provide a method whereby the grip of the jaws can be controlled by a loose cam instead of a cam made fast to any other part of the wrench. I accomplish my first by the location of fulcrum L, it being located quite near the jaws G G and far from loose cam 11, thereby requiring less strain 011 the jaws G G to prevent them spreading and slipping, and also rendering breakage less liable. It will be observed that were the fulcrum placed nearer to the cam, and consequently farther from the jaws, itwould require much greater strain on the jaws in order to maintain their grip, and they would be more liable to spread and slip and breakage would be more frequent. My second I accomplish by the introduction of clutch N, by means of which the loose cam II is operated.

To operate this wrench it is only necessary to place the jaws G G over a nut and adjust them by means of the adjustingscrew to a loose fit, then press loose the handle J toward the loose cam ll until the clutch N takes eiiect, then to turn the loose handle J until the larger side of loose cam ll comes in contact with and directly underneath the shank g, when a firm hold of the nut is obtained, then to allow the grasp 011 the loose handle J to relax, when the spiral spring I will disengage the clutch N, and then by applying force to the cross-handle C C the nut maybe removed or replaced without soiling the fingers or gloves.

hat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In a wagon or carriage wrench, the combi nation of the jaw G, the yoke B, connected thereto near its end and carrying the adjuste able screw L, the movable jaw G, passing beneath the yoke, and the cam H, operating on the rear end of said movable jaw G, all substantially as shown and described.

DANVERS ORAM.

lVitnesses:

LoUIs K. FOWLER, THOMAS L. LYLE. 

